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Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2002) - Djibouti (2001)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2002) z Djibouti (2001)

 Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2002)Djibouti (2001)
 Ashmore and Cartier IslandsDjibouti
Administrative divisions - 5 districts (cercles, singular - cercle); 'Ali Sabih, Dikhil, Djibouti, Obock, Tadjoura
Age structure - 0-14 years:
42.58% (male 98,314; female 97,859)

15-64 years:
54.58% (male 132,619; female 118,841)

65 years and over:
2.84% (male 6,787; female 6,280) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products - fruits, vegetables; goats, sheep, camels
Airports - 12 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total:
2

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total:
10

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
5

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)
Area total: 5 sq km


land: 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island		 total:
22,000 sq km

land:
21,980 sq km

water:
20 sq km
Area - comparative about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly smaller than Massachusetts
Background These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983 it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve. The French Territory of the Afars and the Issas became Djibouti in 1977. A peace accord in 1994 ended a three-year uprising by Afars rebels.
Birth rate - 40.66 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget - revenues:
$133 million

expenditures:
$187 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)
Capital - Djibouti
Climate tropical desert; torrid, dry
Coastline 74.1 km 314 km
Constitution - multiparty constitution approved by referendum 4 September 1992
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands


conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands		 conventional long form:
Republic of Djibouti

conventional short form:
Djibouti

former:
French Territory of the Afars and Issas, French Somaliland
Currency - Djiboutian franc (DJF)
Death rate - 14.66 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external - $356 million (1999 est.)
Dependency status territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission:
Ambassador Donald YAMAMOTO

embassy:
Plateau du Serpent, Boulevard Marechal Joffre, Djibouti

mailing address:
B. P. 185, Djibouti

telephone:
[253] 35 39 95

FAX:
[253] 35 39 40
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission:
Ambassador ROBLE Olhaye Oudine

chancery:
Suite 515, 1156 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005

telephone:
[1] (202) 331-0270

FAX:
[1] (202) 331-0302
Disputes - international - none
Economic aid - recipient - $106.3 million (1995)
Economy - overview no economic activity The economy is based on service activities connected with the country's strategic location and status as a free trade zone in northeast Africa. Two-thirds of the inhabitants live in the capital city, the remainder being mostly nomadic herders. Scanty rainfall limits crop production to fruits and vegetables, and most food must be imported. Djibouti provides services as both a transit port for the region and an international transshipment and refueling center. It has few natural resources and little industry. The nation is, therefore, heavily dependent on foreign assistance to help support its balance of payments and to finance development projects. An unemployment rate of 40% to 50% continues to be a major problem. Inflation is not a concern, however, because of the fixed tie of the franc to the US dollar. Per capita consumption dropped an estimated 35% over the last seven years because of recession, civil war, and a high population growth rate (including immigrants and refugees). Faced with a multitude of economic difficulties, the government has fallen in arrears on long-term external debt and has been struggling to meet the stipulations of foreign aid donors. The year 2001 will see only small growth as port activity should decrease now that Ethiopia has more trade route options.
Electricity - consumption - 167.4 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production - 180 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 3 m		 lowest point:
Lac Assal -155 m

highest point:
Moussa Ali 2,028 m
Environment - current issues NA inadequate supplies of potable water; desertification
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups - Somali 60%, Afar 35%, French, Arab, Ethiopian, and Italian 5%
Exchange rates - Djiboutian francs per US dollar - 177.721 (fixed rate since 1973)
Executive branch - chief of state:
President GUELLEH Ismail Omar (since 8 May 1999);

head of government:
Prime Minister DILLEITA Mohamed Dilleita (since 4 March 2001)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers responsible to the president

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a six-year term; election last held 9 April 1999 (next to be held NA 2005); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
GUELLEH Ismail Omar elected president; percent of vote - GUELLEH Ismail Omar 74.4%, IDRIS Moussa Ahmed 25.6%
Exports - $260 million (f.o.b., 1999 est.)
Exports - commodities - reexports, hides and skins, coffee (in transit)
Exports - partners - Somalia 53%, Yemen 23%, Ethiopia 5%, (1998)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description the flag of Australia is used two equal horizontal bands of light blue (top) and light green with a white isosceles triangle based on the hoist side bearing a red five-pointed star in the center
GDP - purchasing power parity - $574 million (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture:
3%

industry:
22%

services:
75% (1998 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $1,300 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 2% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 12 14 S, 123 05 E 11 30 N, 43 00 E
Geography - note Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983 strategic location near world's busiest shipping lanes and close to Arabian oilfields; terminus of rail traffic into Ethiopia; mostly wasteland
Highways - total:
2,890 km

paved:
364 km

unpaved:
2,526 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports - $440 million (f.o.b., 1999 est.)
Imports - commodities - foods, beverages, transport equipment, chemicals, petroleum products
Imports - partners - France 13%, Ethiopia 12%, Italy 9%, Saudi Arabia 6%, UK 6% (1998)
Independence - 27 June 1977 (from France)
Industrial production growth rate - 3% (1996 est.)
Industries - limited to a few small-scale enterprises, such as dairy products and mineral-water bottling
Infant mortality rate - 101.51 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 2% (2000 est.)
International organization participation - ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch - Supreme Court or Cour Supreme
Labor force - 282,000
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture 75%, industry 11%, services 14% (1991 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total:
508 km

border countries:
Eritrea 113 km, Ethiopia 337 km, Somalia 58 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (all grass and sand) (1998 est.)		 arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
9%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
91% (1993 est.)
Languages - French (official), Arabic (official), Somali, Afar
Legal system the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply based on French civil law system, traditional practices, and Islamic law
Legislative branch - unicameral Chamber of Deputies or Chambre des Deputes (65 seats; members elected by popular vote for five-year terms)

elections:
last held 19 December 1997 (next to be held NA 2002)

election results:
percent of vote - NA%; seats - RPP 65; note - RPP (the ruling party) dominated the election
Life expectancy at birth - total population:
51.21 years

male:
49.37 years

female:
53.1 years (2001 est.)
Literacy - definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
46.2%

male:
60.3%

female:
32.7% (1995 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, northwest of Australia Eastern Africa, bordering the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, between Eritrea and Somalia
Map references Southeast Asia Africa
Maritime claims contiguous zone: 12 NM


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation


exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM		 contiguous zone:
24 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine - total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,369 GRT/3,030 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 1 (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force -
Military branches - Djibouti National Army (includes Navy and Air Force)
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $23 million (FY97)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 4.5% (FY97)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
108,038 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
63,589 (2001 est.)
National holiday - Independence Day, 27 June (1977)
Nationality - noun:
Djiboutian(s)

adjective:
Djiboutian
Natural hazards surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards earthquakes; droughts; occasional cyclonic disturbances from the Indian Ocean bring heavy rains and flash floods
Natural resources fish geothermal areas
Net migration rate - 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
People - note the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem -
Political parties and leaders - Democratic National Party or PND [ADEN Robleh Awaleh]; Democratic Renewal Party or PRD [Abdillahi HAMARITEH]; People's Progress Assembly or RPP (governing party) [Ismail Omar GELLEH]
Political pressure groups and leaders - Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy or FRUD and affiliates; Movement for Unity and Democracy or MUD
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh waster at Ashmore Reef's West Island		 460,700 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 2.6% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only Djibouti
Radio broadcast stations - AM 2, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 52,000 (1997)
Railways - total:
100 km (Djibouti segment of the Addis Ababa-Djibouti railroad)

narrow gauge:
100 km 1.000-m gauge

note:
Djibouti and Ethiopia plan to revitalize the century-old railroad that links their capitals by 2003
Religions - Muslim 94%, Christian 6%
Sex ratio - at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.12 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.08 male(s)/female

total population:
1.07 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage - NA years of age; universal adult
Telephone system - general assessment:
telephone facilities in the city of Djibouti are adequate as are the microwave radio relay connections to outlying areas of the country

domestic:
microwave radio relay network

international:
submarine cable to Jiddah, Suez, Sicily, Marseilles, Colombo, and Singapore; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; Medarabtel regional microwave radio relay telephone network
Telephones - main lines in use - 8,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 203 (1997)
Television broadcast stations - 1 (plus 5 low-power repeaters) (1998)
Terrain low with sand and coral coastal plain and plateau separated by central mountains
Total fertility rate - 5.72 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate - 50% (2000 est.)
Waterways none none
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